Futurology - Looking at Lessons from the Past Trends
Activity 1
Current number of users of :
Mobile Phones : 6.4 billion (Statista, 2021)
Facebook : 2.91 billion
Twitter : 206 million
How do you know that these numbers are current and correct?
By exploring the weekly updated figures on the number of phones, which is divided into smartphones, then smart and feature phones. As soon as a there is user, it is added to the total figure. Hence, it gets updated automatically.
Activity 2
Go to the wrong section of the slides, try to find out if the first 10 quotes are true or just urban myths.
Answer:
1) "Computers in the future may weigh no more than 1.5 tons." Popular Mechanics, forecasting the relentless march of science, 1949 - True
2) "Everything that can be invented has been invented." Charles H. Duell , Commissioner, U.S. Office of Patents,- Urban Myth
3) "I have traveled the length and breadth of this country and talked with the best people, and I can assure you that data processing is a fad that won't last out the year." - Urban Myth
4) "I think there is a world market for maybe five computers." Thomas Watson, chairman of IBM, 1943 - Urban Myth
5) "There is no reason anyone would want a computer in their home."
Ken Olson, president, chairman and founder of Digital Equipment
Corp., 1977 - Urban Myth
6) "This 'telephone' has too many shortcomings to be seriously considered as a means of communication. The device is inherently of no value to us."-- Western Union internal memo, 1876.- Urban Myth
7) "$100 million dollars is way too much to pay for Microsoft."-- IBM, 1982 - Urban Myth
8) "Airplanes are interesting toys but of no military value."-- Marechal Ferdinand Foch, Professor of Strategy, Ecole Superieure de Guerre. - Urban Myth
9) "Stocks have reached what looks like a permanently high plateau."-- Irving Fisher, Professor of Economics, Yale University, 1929.- True
10)"Drill for oil? You mean drill into the ground to try and find oil? You're crazy."-- Drillers who Edwin L. Drake tried to enlist to his project to drill for oil in 1859. - Urban Myth
Activity 3
1) The capacity of a typical hard drive in 3 years time:
Formula : (capacity) * 2 ^ (no.of years/2)
Capacity: 100 GB Years: 3 years
2 years: 100 GB * 2 (2/2)
= 100 GB *2
= 200 GB
3 years: 100 GB / 2 = 50 GB
= 200 GB + 50 GB
= 250 GB
2) The processing speed equivalent in 3 years time
Formula : (Speed) * 2 ^ (no.of years/2)
Speed: 1.20GHz Years: 3 years
2 years: 1.20 GHz * 2 (2/2)
= 1.20 GHz * 2
= 2.40 GHz
3 years: 1.20GHz / 2
= 0.60 GHz
=2.40 GHz + 0.60 GHz
=3.00GHz
3) The capacity of a typical hard drive in 10 years time
Formula : (Capacity) * 2 ^ (no.of years/2)
Capacity: 100 GB Years: 10 years
= 100 GB * 2(10/2)
= 100 GB * 2(5)
= 100GB * 2^5
= 100 GB * 32
= 3200 GB
4) The processing speed equivalent in 10 years time
Formula: (Speed) * 2 ^ (no.of years/2)
Speed: 1.20 GHz Years: 10 years
= 1.20 GHz * 2(5)
= 1.20 GHz * 32
= 38.40 GHz
5) The capacity of a typical hard drive in 50 years time
Formula: (Capacity) * 2^(no.of years/2)
Capacity: 100 GB Years: 50 years
= 100 GB * 2 (50/2)
= 100 GB * 2 (25)
= 33,554,432 GB
6) The processing speed equivalent in 50 years time
Formula: (Speed) * 2^(no.of years/2)
Capacity: 1.20 GHz Years: 50 years
= 1.20 GHz * 33,554,432
= 40,265,318.4 GHz
Activity 4
1. Quantum Computing : Quantum computing is a type of computation that is used to harness the collective properties of quantum states like superposition, interference, and entanglement for performing calculations. Also known as study of how to use phenomena in quantum physics to create new ways of computing.
2. Light Based Processor : Light Based Processor is photonic tensor core that is based on light particles, has the ability to process data at unprecedented speeds. It has the capability to achieve one thousand trillion multiply-accumulate operations per second and per square millimeter. It has a built-in photonic tensor core that is processing core that performs sophisticated matrix math, particularly suitable for deep-learning applications.
3. Nanotechnology : Nanotechnology is the manipulation of matter on an atomic, molecular, and supramolecular to produce new structures, materials and devices for industrial purposes. Nanotechnology in Information Technology is form of engineering geared towards building electronic components and devices measured in nanometers.
4. DNA based Computing : It involves performing computations using biological molecules like DNA, biochemistry and molecular biology hardware, rather than traditional silicon chips. Traditional computers usually uses series of logic gates that transform different inputs into a predictable output. In DNA based Computing, the input of DNA binds to a DNA logic gate displaces a strand of DNA that serves as the output.
Activity 5
A processing speed power helps with its fascinating productivity and efficiency to perform tasks. With the help of manufacture of chips makes computer processers much more faster to run and execute programs, play movies at remarkable speeds.
Activity 6
1. Green Computing :
Green Computing is the study, practice, responsibility and eco-friendly use of computers and their resources. The benefit of Green Computing is that, it helps reducing environmental impact of technology. That states reducing waste, using less energy and promoting sustainability. It helps reduce the use of hazardous materials. It also aims at reducing carbon footprint generated by Information Technology.
In 1992, the U.S. Environmental Program Agency (EPA) launched the Energy Star program, to promote and recognize the energy efficiency in monitors, climate control equipment, and other technologies. This resulted the adoption of sleep mode among consumer electronics.
2. Ubiquitous Computing :
Embedded devices anticipate needs :
An embedded device is an object that contains a special-purpose computing system. The system, which is completely enclosed by the object, may or may not be able to connect the internet. Generally, an embedded device's operating system will only run a single application which helps the device to do its job.
Examples of embedded devices include dishwashers, banking ATM machines, routers and cell phones, Digital cameras, Digital Wristwatches, MP3 Players, Calculators. Smartphones and tablet computers–like the Apple iPhone and iPad, as well as the many Android-powered devices–clearly lie somewhere between embedded system and general purpose computer
Gesture Interfaces :
In Gesture Interface, the gestures of the human body are used by the computer. It eliminates physical contact with device directly as by touching or indirectly via a secondary device like a mouse. Gesture Interface can be in the form of human movement, hand Gesture and voice.
Example : We can interact with the smartphones without using keypad by just swiping, tapping, pinching and scrolling.
Scanners: A scanner can be described as a device that captures images from photographic prints, posters, magazine pages and computer editing and display. Scanners can be hand-held, feed-in, flatbed types and scanning black and white, color. Some major manufactures of scanners include: Epson, Hewlett-Packard and Microtek.
Location and Context based services : Is an computing technology that incorporates information about the current location of the user to provide relevant services to the user.
Example: 1) Real-time traffic update.
2) WhatsApp current location and tracking location.
Speech Recognition : Speech recognition is translation and recognition of spoken language/command into text by computer or device. Software applications can convert live voice and recorded speech into text. Speech Recognition is the ability of the machine
to identify the words spoken aloud and convert them into text file.
Example: Alexa is an virtual assistant by Amazon. Alexa is voice based AI-powered digital assistant that is used for speech recognition to perform different tasks. Alexa has ability to reply simple questions and perform various tasks and commands given by the user. Alexa can set alarms, reminders, answer questions, control smart home setting and play music. Same goes with Siri and Google Assistant.
BIG DATA :
Big data is a collection of data that is huge in size and yet growing exponentially with time. Big data was 1st organization to get embrace by online and startup firms like Google, eBay, LinkedIn, and Facebook. Big dat can help in cost reductions and substantial improvements to perform an task, or new product and service offerings. Big data generates values from storage and processing of very large quantities of digital information that cannot be analyzed with the traditional computing techniques.
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